Babban dalilin ciwon gwiwa mai tsanani a cikin marasa lafiya fiye da shekaru 50 shine gonarthrosis (nakasar arthrosis na gwiwa gwiwa). Cutar tana da saurin ci gaba kuma yana iya haifar da nakasa da nakasa, sabili da haka lokacin ganewar alamun bayyanar cututtuka na arthrosis na haɗin gwiwa gwiwa da kuma maganin cutar, ciki har da a gida, sune manyan ayyuka lokacin nazarin marasa lafiya da ke cikin haɗari ga pathologies na tsarin musculoskeletal.
Menene arthrosis na gwiwa gwiwa
Haɗin gwiwar gwiwa yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan haɗin hannu na kwarangwal na ɗan adam, mai saurin rauni da sauran lalacewar injina. Yana haɗu da tibia da femur, da kuma mafi girman kashi na sesamoid, wanda ke cikin tendons na tsokar femoris quadriceps (patella ko gwiwa). Fuskokin haɗin gwiwa an rufe su da nama na guringuntsi - wani abu mai yawa, na roba wanda ke kewaye da chondrocytes (kwayoyin nau'in oval da aka kafa daga chondroblasts) kuma ya haifar da harsashi mai kariya a kusa da su, kuma yana aiki a matsayin mai ɗaukar hoto.
Nama na guringuntsi ya ƙunshi collagen, furotin fibrillar wanda shine babban nau'in fibers masu haɗawa kuma yana ba da ƙarfi da elasticity na guringuntsi, da glucosamine. Glucosamine abu ne da aka samar da nama na guringuntsi. Glucosamine wani bangare ne na chondroitin kuma wani bangare ne na ruwan synovial - wani nau'in roba mai launin rawaya wanda ya cika rami na haɗin gwiwa kuma yana aiki azaman mai mai. Idan kira na glucosamine da proteoglycans ya rushe, adadin ruwan synovial yana raguwa, wanda ke haifar da bayyanar sassan haɗin gwiwa da zafi mai tsanani, don haka jiyya na arthrosis na gwiwa na 1 ko da yaushe ya hada da amfani da kwayoyi tare da glucosamine da chondroitin.
- Abin da ke faruwa a cikin gidajen abinci tare da arthrosis:
- guringuntsi ya zama mai laushi da sako-sako, kuma cututtuka masu zurfi suna bayyana a samansa;
- membrane synovial yana girma;
- abun da ke ciki na ruwan synovial yana canzawa, ɓoyewar sa yana raguwa;
- sprain na ligaments da haɗin gwiwa capsule faruwa;
- rami na haɗin gwiwa yana cike da exudate - ruwa mai kumburi wanda aka saki daga tasoshin jini a lokacin lokacin kumburi mai tsanani.
Idan babu isasshen lokaci da isasshen magani, arthrosis yana haifar da cikakkiyar lalacewa da lalata haɗin gwiwa na gwiwa, yayin da mai haƙuri zai iya samun motsi mara kyau da kuma cikakken rashin motsi na haɗin gwiwa. Don dakatar da tsarin lalacewa na articular da cartilaginous surface a lokuta da aka gano arthrosis na gwiwa, likita na iya bayar da shawarar endoprosthetics - aikin tiyata don maye gurbin haɗin gwiwa da aka lalace tare da prosthesis na wucin gadi na girman da ya dace. Idan an nuna, ana iya yin aikin a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun tsarin inshorar likita na tilas.
Rarrabewa da abubuwan etiological
Osteoarthritis na gwiwa gwiwa na iya zama na farko ko na biyu. An gano asali na arthrosis a lokuta inda ba zai yiwu a tantance ainihin dalilin cutar ba. Idan nakasar guringuntsi ya riga ya kasance da wasu cututtuka da cututtuka, raunin gwiwoyi, arthrosis ana daukarsa na biyu, wato, tasowa a kan asalin cutar ta farko.
- Babban abubuwan da ke haifar da arthrosis na biyu na haɗin gwiwa gwiwa sun haɗa da:
- daban-daban dysplasias da sauran pathologies a cikin abin da ba daidai ba ci gaba da samuwar kyallen takarda;
- cututtukan neurodystrophic na lumbar ko kashin mahaifa;
- kumburi na gwiwa gwiwa (arthritis);
- raunuka da microtraumas na haɗin gwiwa;
- cirewar aikin tiyata na meniscus da ya lalace ko wani sashi na shi (meniscectomy);
- cututtuka na tsarin endocrin da cututtuka na hormonal, wanda adadin halayen halayen rayuwa ya ragu kuma ya rushe metabolism a cikin nama na kashi.
Farko na arthrosis na gwiwa gwiwa sau da yawa yana tasowa a cikin mutanen da ke jagorantar salon rayuwa ko kuma, akasin haka, waɗanda ke fama da damuwa na jiki akai-akai akan haɗin gwiwa. Majinyata masu kiba, mutane sama da shekaru 50, mazauna yankunan da ba su da muhalli, marasa lafiya da nau'ikan jaraba ga abubuwa masu guba (masu shan taba, masu shan miyagun ƙwayoyi, masu shan giya) suma suna cikin haɗarin haɓakar gonarthrosis.
Hypothermia na yau da kullun na iya ba da gudummawa ga kumburi da ƙarin nakasawa na haɗin gwiwa na gwiwa, don haka ana ba da shawarar mutanen da ke da alaƙa da cututtukan da ke cikin tsarin musculoskeletal don kiyaye tsarin zafin jiki da kuma guje wa ayyukan da ke da alaƙa da tsayin daka ga ƙananan yanayin zafi (aiki a waje, a cikin firiji da injin daskarewa, da sauransu).
Mata fiye da shekaru 45 da suke sha'awar yadda za a bi da arthrosis gwiwa ya kamata su sani cewa wani tsokana factor a cikin ci gaban Pathology iya rage estrogen kira, wanda zai iya faruwa bayan menopause kuma tare da wasu gynecological cututtuka: endometrial hyperplasia, igiyar ciki fibroids, fibroadenoma, endometriosis. Abu mara kyau kuma shine nau'ikan abinci daban-daban waɗanda ke iyakance cin abinci mai arzikin ma'adanai, bitamin da sauran abubuwan da ake buƙata don lafiyar haɗin gwiwa.
Alamomi da alamomi
Domin tsinkaya don rayuwa ta gaba ta kasance mai kyau kamar yadda zai yiwu, yana da mahimmanci ba kawai sanin yadda za a bi da arthrosis na gwiwa ba, har ma abin da alamun cutar ta bayyana. This is necessary for timely contact with a specialist and early detection of possible deformations and other damage to the knee joint. A mataki na farko, ilimin cututtuka yana da ƙananan bayyanar cututtuka, don haka za'a iya gano arthrosis na gwiwa kawai bayan kayan aiki da kayan aiki.
- Alamomin farko na cutar sun hada da:
- safiya taurin gwiwa;
- zafi lokacin tafiya lokacin da ke rufe nisa fiye da 1-1.5 km;
- zafi a cikin gwiwoyi lokacin da suke zaune na dogon lokaci (fiye da sa'o'i 2 a jere);
- jin zafi a cikin haɗin gwiwa na gwiwa bayan tsawan tsayi;
- ciwon gwiwa da ke faruwa a ƙarshen yini ko a farkon rabin dare.
Idan majiyyaci bai sami magani da ake buƙata ba a wannan matakin, cutar za ta ci gaba. Don zaɓar maganin da ya dace don arthrosis na gwiwa gwiwa, wajibi ne a yi jerin gwaje-gwaje na gwaje-gwaje (MRI, lissafin lissafi, radiyo, da dai sauransu) da kuma ƙayyade matakin nakasar, matakin ƙwayar synovial a cikin rami na haɗin gwiwa, yawan ƙwayar guringuntsi nama da membrane synovial. Ana ba da alamun cututtukan arthrosis na 2 da 3 a cikin tebur da ke ƙasa.
| Alamar ganewa | Arthrosis na gwiwa 2 digiri | Arthrosis na gwiwa 3 digiri |
|---|---|---|
| Jin zafi yayin hutawa da dare | Zai iya bayyana lokacin canza yanayin jiki ko tashi daga gado. | Yana faruwa ba tare da wani motsi ba. |
| Yiwuwar amfani da jigilar jama'a (sai dai ƙananan bas ɗin ƙasa) | Mai haƙuri yana jin zafi lokacin hawan matakan hawa, amma tare da wasu ƙuntatawa zai iya amfani da jigilar jama'a ba tare da taimako ba. | Mara lafiya ba zai iya shiga bas ko tram da kansa ba saboda ƙarancin motsi na haɗin gwiwa na gwiwa. |
| Gurguwa | An bayyana kadan. | Rago yana da tsanani kuma ana buƙatar ƙarin tallafi (sanduna) don motsi. |
| Taurin gwiwa bayan an tashi | Yana ɗaukar ƙasa da mintuna 10-15. | Yana ɗaukar kimanin minti 20-30 ko fiye. |
| Jin zafi lokacin tafiya | Yana faruwa bayan wucewa 800-1000 m. | Suna farawa ne a farkon motsi kuma suna ƙaruwa bayan tafiya mai nisa da ƙasa da 500 m. |
| Ikon kulawa da kai | Yawancin lokaci ana ajiyewa. | Mai haƙuri ba zai iya yin ayyuka da yawa ba tare da taimako ba. |
Jiyya na arthrosis na gwiwa gwiwa a gida
- Ana iya yin maganin arthrosis na gwiwa gwiwa ta amfani da:
- hanyoyin magani;
- farfadowa na jiki;
- tausa.
Yin amfani da girke-girke na maganin gargajiya yana yiwuwa ne kawai bayan shawarwari tare da likitan ku kuma bai kamata ya maye gurbin babban magani wanda ƙwararren ya tsara ba. Zaɓin magungunan ƙwayoyi da hanyoyin magani ya dogara ba kawai a kan shekarun mai haƙuri da cututtuka na yau da kullum ba, amma har ma a kan mataki na arthrosis da mataki na nakasawa na guringuntsi da articular surface.
Arthrosis 1st digiri
Wannan shi ne mafi kyawun nau'i na arthrosis, wanda a mafi yawan lokuta za'a iya warkewa tare da ƙananan gyare-gyaren ƙwayoyi da ƙarin matakan: tausa, aikin motsa jiki, maganin physiotherapeutic. Hanyar da ta fi dacewa don magance arthrosis na gwiwa, ba tare da la'akari da matakinsa ba, shine maganin laser. Wannan ita ce babbar hanyar physiotherapy, yana ba da sakamako mai kyau a farkon matakin arthrosis.
- Yana taimakawa cimma sakamako mai zuwa:
- matakin kumburi a cikin rami na haɗin gwiwa yana raguwa;
- tsananin zafi yana raguwa;
- an motsa tsarin farfadowa na nama;
- bukatar yin amfani da glucocorticosteroids da sauran kwayoyi tare da mummunan sakamako masu illa sun ɓace.
A matsayin madadin maganin Laser, likita na iya ba da shawarar pulse Magnetic therapy, acupuncture, electromyostimulation da electrophoresis. Duk waɗannan hanyoyin suna da tasiri sosai a cikin maganin arthrosis tare da digiri na nakasawa ba fiye da 20-25% ba, amma tasirin jiyya zai kasance mafi girma idan an haɗa su tare da jiyya da tausa. Orthopedists da likitocin likita suna lura da kyakkyawan sakamako na amfani da motsa jiki na ruwa da nufin bunkasa ƙarfin tsoka a kafafu. Marasa lafiya tare da arthrosis na gwiwoyi na 1-2 na gwiwoyi ana iya ba su sanatorium-maganin shakatawa (a lokacin kwanciyar hankali), gami da maganin laka, dumama a cikin sauna, da wanka na magani. An wajabta wa marasa lafiya masu kiba abinci na musamman, tunda kiba yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da arthrosis na gwiwoyi.
Arthrosis 2 digiri
Jiyya na sa na 2 arthrosis na gwiwa gwiwa ya hada da physiotherapy da tausa (a waje da m lokaci), abinci mai gina jiki na musamman, jiyya na jiki da magani. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a rage nauyin da ke kan haɗin gwiwa mai lalacewa: iyakance tafiya, kauce wa motsin da ke buƙatar tanƙwara gwiwa. Tare da arthrosis na ci gaba da sauri, ana nuna amfani da orthoses na musamman - na'urorin orthopedic da aka tsara don gyara haɗin gwiwa mara lafiya da iyakance motsi.
- Tsarin maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi na iya haɗawa da kwayoyi masu zuwa:
- chondroprotectors tare da glucosamine da chondroitin;
- magungunan anti-inflammatory marasa steroidal;
- alluran intra-articular na hyaluronic acid;
- injections na glucocorticosteroid hormones.
Abincin ga marasa lafiya tare da arthrosis gwiwa yakamata ya ƙunshi isasshen adadin abinci mai wadatar collagen.
- Waɗannan su ne:
- samfurori tare da additives gelling (jelly, jelly, jellied nama, aspic);
- samfurori tare da ƙarin pectin;
- man kifi
Kusan dukkanin 'ya'yan itatuwa da berries suna dauke da muhimman amino acid da ma'adanai waɗanda ke taimakawa wajen kiyaye lafiyar haɗin gwiwa da motsi, amma amfani da waɗannan abincin ya kamata a iyakance ga marasa lafiya masu ciwon sukari.
Arthrosis 3 digiri
Jiyya na arthrosis na ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa na 3 ba ya bambanta da maganin da ake amfani da shi don arthrosis na 2. Idan ba shi da tasiri kuma akwai ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun motsi, an wajabta majiyyacin maganin tiyata tare da ƙarin prosthetics na haɗin gwiwa da aka lalace.
Hanyoyin gargajiya
Kafin ka koyi yadda za a bi da haɗin gwiwar gwiwa a gida ta amfani da madadin magani girke-girke, kana buƙatar tuntuɓi likita. Yin amfani da hanyoyin da aka bayar a ƙasa ya halatta kawai don arthrosis na digiri na 1st kuma a farkon matakin arthrosis na digiri na 2.
Jiko na nettle da lemun tsami
Wannan jiko ya kamata a sha da baki minti 20-30 kafin abinci. Maganin guda ɗaya shine 50-80 ml.
- Don shirya jiko, kuna buƙatar:
- Mix 100 g na busassun ganye ko sabo nettle tare da shugabannin tafarnuwa guda uku;
- wuce cakuda ta cikin injin nama;
- ƙara 4 tablespoons na lemun tsami ruwan 'ya'yan itace;
- Mix kome da kome, ƙara 250 ml na ruwan zãfi da kuma rufe da murfi;
- bari na 4 hours.
Tsawon lokacin magani tare da wannan hanya shine aƙalla kwanaki 60. A cikin makon farko, ya kamata a sha jiko sau ɗaya a rana, a cikin kwanaki 7-10 na gaba - sau 2 a rana. Fara daga mako na uku na jiyya, adadin adadin ya kamata a ƙara zuwa sau 3 a rana.
Maganin zuma ga gidajen abinci
Wannan maganin shafawa yana taimakawa kumburi da rage zafi. Sakamakon farko yana bayyane bayan mako guda na amfani da yau da kullum, amma don cimma sakamako mai kyau dole ne a yi amfani da shi tsawon kwanaki 30-45.
- Don shirya man shafawa, kuna buƙatar:
- narke 2 tablespoons man shanu;
- hada man da zuma cokali biyu da cokali daya na apple cider vinegar 6%;
- Sanya cakuda a cikin firiji don taurare.
Kuna buƙatar shafa wannan maganin shafawa ga gwiwoyi sau 2-3 a rana (lokacin ƙarshe kafin kwanta barci).
Bath tare da dandelions
Don irin wannan wanka, ana amfani da tincture na tushen Dandelion. Don shirya shi, kuna buƙatar haxa 120 g na tushen Dandelion da aka murƙushe tare da 150 ml na vodka kuma ku bar cikin wuri mai duhu don awanni 24. Kafin yin wanka, abin da ke cikin akwati ya kamata a zuba a cikin ruwa kuma a motsa shi. Ana ba da shawarar yin irin wannan wanka sau 1-2 a mako. Bayan hanya, jin zafi a cikin gwiwoyi ya zama ƙasa, kuma motsi a cikin haɗin gwiwa yana dawowa sannu a hankali. Amfanin magani zai zama mafi girma idan kun ƙara 150 g na gishirin teku wanda aka wadatar da iodine da bromine zuwa ruwa.